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Mulog
Bahasa Inggris
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Name : Melyani Tuti
Class
: XII IPA 1
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Types
Of Text
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1.NARATIVE :
Tujuan Komunikatif Narrative Text
Tujuan Komunikatif Narrative Text
seperti adalah untuk menghibur pendengar atau pembaca tentang suatu kisah atau
cerita masa lampau yang bertalian dengan pengalaman nyata, khayal atau
peristiwa-peristiwa pelik yang mengarah ke suatu krisis, yang pada akhirnya
menemukan suatu penyelesaian.
Generic Structure Narrative Text
Setiap jenis teks bahasa Inggris
(genre) memiliki struktur teksnya sendiri-sendiri. Struktur dari Narrative Text
terdiri dari tiga bagian yaitu :
Orientation: Pada bagian Orientation atau
pengenalan berisi tentang pengenalan tokoh dalam cerita serta waktu dan tempat
kejadiannya.
Complication: Pada bagian Complication berisi
tentang gambaran munculnya krisis atau masalah yang di alami oleh tokoh pada
cerita tersebut yang harus dipecahkan.
Resolution: Pada bagian Resolution berisi
tentang bagaiman tokoh dari cerita tersebut memecahkan masalah yang ada pada
bagian Complication. Biasanya terdapat lebih dari satu Resolution untuk satu
Complication.
EXAMPLE
:
1. The Boy Who Cried Wolf
There was once a young shepherd boy who tended his sheep at the foot of a mountain near a dark forest. 1 It was lonely for him watching the sheep all day. No one was near, except for three farmers he could sometimes see working in the fi elds in the valley below.
One day the boy thought of a plan that would help him get a little company and have some fun. 3 He ran down toward the valley crying, “Wolf! Wolf!”
The men ran to meet him, and after they found out there was no wolf after all, one man remained to talk with the boy awhile.
The boy enjoyed the company so much that a few days later he tried the same prank again, and again the men ran to help him.
A few days later, a real wolf came from the forest and began to steal the sheep. The startled 6 boy ran toward the valley, and more loudly than ever he cried, “Wolf! Wolf!”
But the men, who had been fooled twice before, thought that the boy was tricking them again. So no one came to help the boy save his sheep.
Moral: If you often don’t tell the truth, people won’t believe you even when you are telling the truth.
There was once a young shepherd boy who tended his sheep at the foot of a mountain near a dark forest. 1 It was lonely for him watching the sheep all day. No one was near, except for three farmers he could sometimes see working in the fi elds in the valley below.
One day the boy thought of a plan that would help him get a little company and have some fun. 3 He ran down toward the valley crying, “Wolf! Wolf!”
The men ran to meet him, and after they found out there was no wolf after all, one man remained to talk with the boy awhile.
The boy enjoyed the company so much that a few days later he tried the same prank again, and again the men ran to help him.
A few days later, a real wolf came from the forest and began to steal the sheep. The startled 6 boy ran toward the valley, and more loudly than ever he cried, “Wolf! Wolf!”
But the men, who had been fooled twice before, thought that the boy was tricking them again. So no one came to help the boy save his sheep.
Moral: If you often don’t tell the truth, people won’t believe you even when you are telling the truth.
2. The Goose and The Golden Eggs
Once a farmer went to the nest of his goose and found there an egg, all yellow and shiny. When he picked it up, it was heavy as a rock. 1 He was about to throw it away because he thought that someone was playing a trick on him. 2 But on second thought, he took it home, and discovered to his delight that it was an egg of pure gold!
He sold the egg for a lot of money. Every morning the goose laid another golden egg, and the farmer soon became rich by selling the eggs.
As he grew rich, he also grew greedy. 6 “Why should I have to wait to get only one egg a day?” he thought. “I will cut open the goose and take all the eggs out of her at once.”
When the goose heard the farmer’s plan, she fl ew away to a nearby farm. So when the farmer came out the next day, do you know what he found in the goose’s nest? 8 Nothing.
Moral: Someone who wants more often loses all. When you want something, be patient. If you are greedy, you might lose what you already have.
Once a farmer went to the nest of his goose and found there an egg, all yellow and shiny. When he picked it up, it was heavy as a rock. 1 He was about to throw it away because he thought that someone was playing a trick on him. 2 But on second thought, he took it home, and discovered to his delight that it was an egg of pure gold!
He sold the egg for a lot of money. Every morning the goose laid another golden egg, and the farmer soon became rich by selling the eggs.
As he grew rich, he also grew greedy. 6 “Why should I have to wait to get only one egg a day?” he thought. “I will cut open the goose and take all the eggs out of her at once.”
When the goose heard the farmer’s plan, she fl ew away to a nearby farm. So when the farmer came out the next day, do you know what he found in the goose’s nest? 8 Nothing.
Moral: Someone who wants more often loses all. When you want something, be patient. If you are greedy, you might lose what you already have.
3. A Wolf and A Dog
Once there was a wolf who was nearly dead with hunger. He was very thin, so that the outline of his bones could be seen clearly beneath his thinning coat of hair. With hardly enough energy to walk, the wolf had little hope of finding food. As he lay beneath a large tree, a dog out for a walk noticed him. Seeing how thin and hungry-looking the wolf was, the dog felt sorry for him and said, "You are in terrible shape! You look as if you haven't eaten for many days."
"You're right," said the wolf. "I haven't eaten because you and your friends are doing such a good job of guarding the sheep. Now I am so weak that I have little hope of finding food. I think I will surely die."
Then why not join us? Asked the dog. "I work regularly and I eat regularly. You could do the same. I will arrange it. You can help me and the other dogs guard the sheep. In that way, we won't have to worry about your stealing the sheep any more and you won't have to worry about going hungry any more. It's a good deal for both of us."
The wolf thought it over for a few minutes and then decided that the dog was right. So they went off together toward the ranch house where the dog lived. But, as they were walking, the wolf noticed that the hair on a certain part of the dog's neck was very thin. He was curious about this, for the dog had such a beautiful coat every where else. Finally, he asked the dog about it.
"Oh, don't worry about that," said the dog. "It's the place where the collar rubs on my neck when my master chains me up at night."
"Chained up!" cried the wolf, "Do you mean that you are chained up at night? If I come to live with you, will I be chained up at night too?"
That's right," answered the dog. "But, You'll get used to it soon enough. I hardly think about it anymore."
"But, if I am chained up, then I won't be able to walk when I want to take a walk or to run where I want to run," the wolf said. "If I come to live with you, I won't be free anymore." After saying this, the wolf turned and ran away.
Moral: Freedom is everything!
Once there was a wolf who was nearly dead with hunger. He was very thin, so that the outline of his bones could be seen clearly beneath his thinning coat of hair. With hardly enough energy to walk, the wolf had little hope of finding food. As he lay beneath a large tree, a dog out for a walk noticed him. Seeing how thin and hungry-looking the wolf was, the dog felt sorry for him and said, "You are in terrible shape! You look as if you haven't eaten for many days."
"You're right," said the wolf. "I haven't eaten because you and your friends are doing such a good job of guarding the sheep. Now I am so weak that I have little hope of finding food. I think I will surely die."
Then why not join us? Asked the dog. "I work regularly and I eat regularly. You could do the same. I will arrange it. You can help me and the other dogs guard the sheep. In that way, we won't have to worry about your stealing the sheep any more and you won't have to worry about going hungry any more. It's a good deal for both of us."
The wolf thought it over for a few minutes and then decided that the dog was right. So they went off together toward the ranch house where the dog lived. But, as they were walking, the wolf noticed that the hair on a certain part of the dog's neck was very thin. He was curious about this, for the dog had such a beautiful coat every where else. Finally, he asked the dog about it.
"Oh, don't worry about that," said the dog. "It's the place where the collar rubs on my neck when my master chains me up at night."
"Chained up!" cried the wolf, "Do you mean that you are chained up at night? If I come to live with you, will I be chained up at night too?"
That's right," answered the dog. "But, You'll get used to it soon enough. I hardly think about it anymore."
"But, if I am chained up, then I won't be able to walk when I want to take a walk or to run where I want to run," the wolf said. "If I come to live with you, I won't be free anymore." After saying this, the wolf turned and ran away.
Moral: Freedom is everything!
4. A Fox and A Cat
One day a cat and a fox were having a conversation. The fox, who was a conceited creature, boasted how clever she was. 'Why, I know at least a hundred tricks to get away from our mutual enemies, the dogs,' she said.
'I know only one trick to get away from dogs,' said the cat. 'You should teach me some of yours!'
'Well, maybe some day, when I have the time, I may teach you a few of the simpler ones,' replied the fox airily.
Just then they heard the barking of a pack of dogs in the distance. The barking grew louder and louder - the dogs were coming in their direction! At once the cat ran to the nearest tree and climbed into its branches, well out of reach of any dog. 'This is the trick I told you about, the only one I know,' said the cat. 'Which one of your hundred tricks are you going to use?'
The fox sat silently under the tree, wondering which trick she should use. Before she could make up her mind, the dogs arrived. They fell upon the fox and tore her to pieces.
Moral : A single plan that works is better than a hundred doubtful plans.
One day a cat and a fox were having a conversation. The fox, who was a conceited creature, boasted how clever she was. 'Why, I know at least a hundred tricks to get away from our mutual enemies, the dogs,' she said.
'I know only one trick to get away from dogs,' said the cat. 'You should teach me some of yours!'
'Well, maybe some day, when I have the time, I may teach you a few of the simpler ones,' replied the fox airily.
Just then they heard the barking of a pack of dogs in the distance. The barking grew louder and louder - the dogs were coming in their direction! At once the cat ran to the nearest tree and climbed into its branches, well out of reach of any dog. 'This is the trick I told you about, the only one I know,' said the cat. 'Which one of your hundred tricks are you going to use?'
The fox sat silently under the tree, wondering which trick she should use. Before she could make up her mind, the dogs arrived. They fell upon the fox and tore her to pieces.
Moral : A single plan that works is better than a hundred doubtful plans.
5. A Mouse and A lion
Once, as a lion lay sleeping in his den, a naughty little mouse ran up his tail, onto his back, up his mane and danced and jumped on his head, so that the lion woke up.
lion angry grabbed the mouse and, holding him in his large claws, roared in anger. 'How dare you wake me up! Don't you know that I am King of the Beasts? Anyone who disturbs my rest deserves to die! I shall kill you and eat you!'
The terrified mouse, shaking and trembling, begged the lion to let him go. 'Please don't eat me Your Majesty! I did not mean to wake you, it was a mistake. I was only playing. Please let me go - and I promise I will be your friend forever. Who knows but one day I could save your life?'
The lion looked at the tiny mouse and laughed. 'You save my life? What an absurd idea!' he said scornfully. 'But you have made me laugh, and put me into a good mood again, so I shall let you go.' And the lion opened his claws and let the mouse go free.
'Oh thank you, your majesty,' squeaked the mouse, and scurried away as fast as he could.
A few days later the lion was caught in a hunter's snare. Struggle as he might, he couldn't break free and became even more entangled in the net of ropes. He let out a roar of anger that shook the forest. Every animal heard it, including the tiny mouse.
The mouse was rushing to the source of its roar and he found the lion was powerless. The mouse then bit the rope that cought the lion so that the lion can escape from the trap. The lions are very grateful to the mouse, and they became friends best forever.
Moral: Even a small help would be very meaningful.
Once, as a lion lay sleeping in his den, a naughty little mouse ran up his tail, onto his back, up his mane and danced and jumped on his head, so that the lion woke up.
lion angry grabbed the mouse and, holding him in his large claws, roared in anger. 'How dare you wake me up! Don't you know that I am King of the Beasts? Anyone who disturbs my rest deserves to die! I shall kill you and eat you!'
The terrified mouse, shaking and trembling, begged the lion to let him go. 'Please don't eat me Your Majesty! I did not mean to wake you, it was a mistake. I was only playing. Please let me go - and I promise I will be your friend forever. Who knows but one day I could save your life?'
The lion looked at the tiny mouse and laughed. 'You save my life? What an absurd idea!' he said scornfully. 'But you have made me laugh, and put me into a good mood again, so I shall let you go.' And the lion opened his claws and let the mouse go free.
'Oh thank you, your majesty,' squeaked the mouse, and scurried away as fast as he could.
A few days later the lion was caught in a hunter's snare. Struggle as he might, he couldn't break free and became even more entangled in the net of ropes. He let out a roar of anger that shook the forest. Every animal heard it, including the tiny mouse.
The mouse was rushing to the source of its roar and he found the lion was powerless. The mouse then bit the rope that cought the lion so that the lion can escape from the trap. The lions are very grateful to the mouse, and they became friends best forever.
Moral: Even a small help would be very meaningful.
2.RECOUNT :
Tujuan Komunikatif Teks Recount
Tujuan komunikatif teks recount adalah melaporkan presitiwa, kejadian atau
kegiatan yang menceritakan kembali kejadian-kejadian atau penglaman-pengalaman
di masa lampau, dengan tujuan memberitakan atau menghibut.
Generic structure Teks Recount
·
Orientation
Orientation atau pengenalan yaitu memberikan informasi tentang siapa,
dimana, dan kapan peristiwa atau kegiatan itu terjadi di masa lampau.
·
Events
Events merupakan rekaman peristiwa yang terjadi, yang biasanya disampaikan
dalam urutan kronologis, seperti “In the first day, I … . And in the next day …
. And In the last day …” . Di bagian events ini juga biasanya terdapat komentar
pribadi tentang peristiwa atau kejadian yang diceritakan.
·
Reorientation
Pada bagian reorientation, terdapat pengulangan pengenalan yang ada di
orientation, pengulangan yang merangkum rentetan peristiwa, kejadian atau
kegiatan yang diceritakan.
EXAMPLE :
1. holiday Fun
Last summer I had a nice holiday. I visited some great places.
I went to the airport and will fly to Cleveland. I spent three days there. I am
glad to see some of the Cleveland Cavaliers basketball game. Then I went to
Hollywood. Hollywood is a famous district in Los Angeles, California, United
States. It has become world famous as a center for the film industry. Four
major film companies - Paramount, Warner Bros., RKO and Columbia - had studios
in Hollywood. I do not want to leave but I had to leave her. After that, I went
to the city of New York. I visited the Statue
of Liberty is very beautiful. I went from the bottom of Manhattan to the
top of the crown. It was so amazing. The place makes me feel at home but I have to go home. Next time
I'll get back to them very enjoyable.
2. Sunday The Terrible
Last week was a terrible day for me . My cousin and I were playing
football infront of the house to spend time with us . First , it was really fun until I kicked the ball too strong
, so the ball leaded me to the window and broke the window . When we want to
escape , all of a sudden we all heard a loud voice . After that , the owner of
the house came out of the fence , he yelled at us . We are very afraid of her ,
but we do not know what to do . Then , one of my cousins told us to run , we
all ran , and suddenly we heard the sound of skin . Then we know that
homeowners allow dogs to chase us . And we were struggling to run as fast as
her as we can. But , I fell down so the dog managed to capture me and bit my
leg . It really hurts me . Then the dog ran back into the house . My cousin
took me to the doctor and told my parents . In the end, the doctor said that I
was exposed to rabies . Then I was hospitalized for one week more . that's a terrible day of the
week for me , may not happen to me again in his next week Sunday .
3. My trip to Borobudur Temple
Last week, I spent my vacation in Jogjakarta, the city is famous in
Indonesia. I went to the temple of Borobudur. My family and I went there in the morning we went to Borobudur temple
by private car family. I had prepared everything before we went to Jogja. While
we were driving, we get to see
some beautiful scenery mountains, forests, and waterfalls as well as cars pass
by. My family and I arrived at the Borobudur Temple at 4:30 pm. There, I saw a
lot of tourists. Borobudur temple is crowded on a holiday vacation. I can learn
and practice speaking English with a foreign tourist different language to me.
Dovi his name. He is very friendly. This is the first time I spoke English with
foreign tourists. We returned at 22:30 at night. It was a very interesting
holiday for me and my family was happy.
4. Morning, I go to school
My mom got me ready for school and
then I had to wait for him to brush my hair and put each piece in just the
perfect position. I had to show her my shoes that I had cleaned the night
before by me and my school bag
should be neatly placed on my shoulder before I could get near the door in my
room. Only after my mother was completely satisfied, whether I would be allowed
to rush out of my house. I would leave home at 7 am at the point and make your
way down the path. After walking about 500 meters I could see the tower of my high school. Play will be full in the
summer and the noise would make me want to rush into the courtyard and into a
good game of football before the bell. that's how I now want to go to school.
Last weekend, my friends and I went camping in the mountain Ciremai. We
reached the camping ground as we walked for about a half hour from the parking
lot. We built the camp next to the rocks and trees. It was getting dark and
cold enveloped us, so we built a bonfire. The next day, we spent our time
observing plantation and insects while the girls were preparing food for lunch
together. In the afternoon we went to the river and catch a fish for dinner. At
night, we held a bonfire night. We sing, dance, read poetry, comedy, having
fun, playing magic tricks, and even some of us do stand up comedy and highly
entertaining us all to laugh. On Monday, we packed our bags and got ready to go
home, respectively.
3.PROSEDURE :
Tujuan Komunikatif Procedure Text
Tujuan Komunikatif dari Procedure Text adalaha memberikan petunjuk tentang
cara melakukan sesuatu melalui tindakan-tindakan atau langkah-langkah yang
urut.
Generic Sturcture Procedure Text
1. Aim/
Goal
Pada generic sturcture bagian pertama dari Procdeure Text ini berisi
informasi mengenai tujuan dalam pembuatan atau pengoprasian sesuatu.
2.
Materials
Pada bagian ke-dua, Materials teridiri dari bahan-bahan yang digunakan
dalam membuat sesuatu. Tapi tidak semua Procedure Text menyertakan bagian
materials, adakalanya sebuah Procedure text tidak memiliki bagian materials.
3. Steps
Pada bagian steps, berisi tentang langkah-langkah atau urutan-urutan yang
harus dilakukan agar tujuan yang diuraikan pada baigan Aim/ Goal bisa tercapai.
Langkah-langkah atau urutan-urutan tersebut haruslah urut dari yang pertama
hingga terakhir.
EXAMPLE :
1.Cassava Pudding
Ingredients:
500 g of cassava, grated
1 packet of white gelatin
100 grams of sugar
1/4 teaspoon of salt
200 ml of coconut
milk
100 grams of jackfruit, diced
Cooking oil for greasing the mold
100 grams of grated coconut
1/4 teaspoon of salt
How to make:
Topping material: Mix the grated coconut and salt, mix
well. Steams for about 15 minutes, remove, and set aside.Mix cassava, gelatin,
sugar, and salt. Stir well.Pour the coconut milk, stir until well blended.Enter
jackfruit and stir.Rub mold with cooking oil, pour the batter into the
mold.Heat the steamer, steam over medium
heat for 30 minutes until cooked.Lift, remove it from the mold.Serve
with a sprinkling of grated coconut on it.
2.Anchovy Roasted Rice
Rice Ingredients:
300 grams of rice
1/2 teaspoon of salt
2 bay leaves
2 stalks of lemongrass
500 ml coconut milk from half coconut
100 grams of anchovy rice, makers, fried
1 handful of basil leaves
Spices
material:
6 red onions
2 cloves of garlic
2 large red chilies
5 pieces of red chili
1 tomato
1/4 teaspoon of salt
1/2 teaspoon of sugar
Oil for sauteing
Supplementary material:
fried chicken
fried tempe
fried tofu
chili paste
sliced cucumbers
sliced tomatoes
banana leaf
stick
How to make:
Rice: Cook the coconut milk, salt, bay leaves, and
lemongrass while stirring over low heat
until boiling. Enter the rice, and cook, stirring frequently, until the coconut
milk absorbed. Lift, steamed rice for 20 minutes until cooked.
Contents: Heat oil, saute ground spices until
fragrant. Enter anchovy and basil leaves and stir well. Remove and set
aside.Take a piece of banana leaf, give the rice and contents.Roll up,
condense, pin the edges with a stick.Repeat steps 3 and 4 until no rice and the
contents discharged.Fuel anchovy rice dries up in banana leaves and
fragrant.Serve warm with supplementary
materials.
3.Special Turmeric Rice
Ingredients:
500 grams of rice
500 ml coconut milk from 1 coconut
300 ml of chicken broth
2 bay leaves
1 pandan leave
1 stalk lemongrass, crushed
2 teaspoon of turmeric water
2 cm of galangal, crushed
1/4 teaspoon of turmeric powder
1 tablespoon of salt
Supplementary material:
Sliced omelet
sliced cucumber
fried chicken
empal
shredded cow
Fried shallots
Eggs spice bali
potato cakes
dried tempe
serundeng
condiment
How to make:
Mix all ingredients, cook and stir. Stir until the
liquid absorbed by the rice, remove from heat.Heat the steamer. Steams the rice
for 30 minutes until completely cooked.Serve with supplementary
materials.
4.Spicy Corn Shrimp
Ingredients:
250 grams of shrimp
2 pieces of sweet corn
1 tomato, cut into pieces
50 g glass of noodles
5 grains of red onion, thinly sliced
2 cloves garlic, thinly sliced
1 large red chilies, sliced oblique
1 large green chilies, sliced oblique
3 pieces of red chili, cut into pieces
2 liters of broth shrimp
1/2 teaspoon of soy sauce
2 teaspoon of salt
1 teaspoon of sugar
1 leek, thinly sliced
Oil for sauteing
How to make:
Heat the oil. Enter the red onion, garlic, red chili
big, big green chili, and cayenne
pepper. Stir-fry until fragrant.Pour the shrimp broth, bring to a
boil.Enter the shrimp, sweet corn, and tomatoes.Add soy sauce pickles, salt,
and sugar.Cook until all ingredients cooked.Enter the glass noodles and spring
onions, stir.
Serve.
5.Vanilla Omelet
Omelet Ingredients:
125 grams of flour
1/2 teaspoon of powdered sugar
1 egg
1 egg yolk
275 ml of milk
1 teaspoon of margarine, melted
1/4 teaspoon of chocolate pasta
Material for contents:
40 grams of cornstarch
1/4 teaspoon of salt
75 grams of sugar
400 ml of milk
1/2 teaspoon of vanilla paste
1 teaspoon of margarine
How to make:
Mix the flour and powdered sugar, mix well, and set
aside.
Mix the eggs, egg yolks, and milk. Stir well.Enter the
flour mixture gradually while stirring until blended.Add melted margarine and
stir well.Take 50 g of dough, give the chocolate paste, mix well, put in a
triangle form of plastic.Heat a non-stick griddle, scribble with the chocolate
batter.
Pour white batter on it, let it mature.Repeat until
the dough runs out.
Contents: Mix cornstarch, salt, and sugar until
blended. Enter the milk and stir well. Cook over low heat while stirring until
bubbling. Turn off the heat, add the vanilla paste and margarine, mix well and
set aside.Take a piece of omelette, spray with contents, fold the right and
left, then roll. Repeat until the omelet and the contents discharged.
Serve.
4.REPORT TEXT :
Tujuan Komunikatif Report Text
Tujuan komunikatif dari Report Text adalah menyampaikan informasi tentang
sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan sistematis atau analisis. Yang di
deskripsikan dapat meliputi gejala alami, lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau
gejala-gejala sosial. Deskripsi sebuah Report Text dapat berupa kesimpulan
umum, misalnya, ikan paus termasuk binatang mamalia karena ikan tersebut
melahirkan anaknya.
Struktur Teks/Generic structure Report Text
1. General
Clasification
Pada bagian general clasification (klasifikasi umum) berisi pengenalan
fenomena/ benda yang akan dibicarakan dengan menyertakan pernyataan umum yang
menerangkan subjek laporan, keterangan, dan klasifikasi-nya.
2.
Description
Pada bagian Description (gambaran) terdiri dari gambaran dari fenomena/
benda yang didiskusikan dari bagian ke bagiannya, kebiasaan atau tingkah laku
untuk benda hidup, ataupun kegunaannya untuk benda secara detail.
EXAMPLE :
1.Kangaroo
A kangaroo is an animal found only in Australia, although it has a smaller relative, called a wallaby, which lives on the Australian island of Tasmania and also in New Guinea.Kangaroos eat grass and plants. They have short front legs, but very long, and very strong back legs and a tail. These are used for sitting up and for jumping. Kangaroos have been known to make forward jumps of over eight metres, and leap across fences more than three metres high. They can also run at speeds of over 45 kilometres per hour.
The largest kangaroos are the Great Grey Kangaroo and the Red Kangaroo. Adult grow to a length of 1.60 metres and weigh over 90 kilos.
Kangaroos are marsupials. This means that the female kangaroo has an external pouch on the front of her body. A baby kangaroo is very tiny when it is born, and it crawls at once into this pouch where it spends its first five months of life.
A kangaroo is an animal found only in Australia, although it has a smaller relative, called a wallaby, which lives on the Australian island of Tasmania and also in New Guinea.Kangaroos eat grass and plants. They have short front legs, but very long, and very strong back legs and a tail. These are used for sitting up and for jumping. Kangaroos have been known to make forward jumps of over eight metres, and leap across fences more than three metres high. They can also run at speeds of over 45 kilometres per hour.
The largest kangaroos are the Great Grey Kangaroo and the Red Kangaroo. Adult grow to a length of 1.60 metres and weigh over 90 kilos.
Kangaroos are marsupials. This means that the female kangaroo has an external pouch on the front of her body. A baby kangaroo is very tiny when it is born, and it crawls at once into this pouch where it spends its first five months of life.
Lightning is a sudden, violent flash of electricity between a cloud and the ground, or from cloud to
cloud. A lightning fl ash, or bolt, can be several miles long. It is so hot,
with an average temperature of 34,000° Centigrade, that the air around it
suddenly expands with a loud blast. This is the thunder we hear.
Lightning occurs in hot, wet storms. Moist air is driven up to a great height. It forms a type of cloud called cumulonimbus. When the cloud rises high enough, the moisture freezes and ice crystals and snowfl akes are formed. These begin to fall, turning to rain on the way down. This rain meets more moist air rising, and it isb the friction between them which produces static electricity. When a cloud is fully charged with this electricity, it discharges it as a lightning flash.
Lightning occurs in hot, wet storms. Moist air is driven up to a great height. It forms a type of cloud called cumulonimbus. When the cloud rises high enough, the moisture freezes and ice crystals and snowfl akes are formed. These begin to fall, turning to rain on the way down. This rain meets more moist air rising, and it isb the friction between them which produces static electricity. When a cloud is fully charged with this electricity, it discharges it as a lightning flash.
3. Platypus; a report text
Many people call platypus duckbill because this animal has a bill like
duckbill. Platypus is a native Tasmania and southern and eastern Australia.
Platypus has a flat tail and webbed feet. Its body length is 30 to 45cm and covered with a thick, and woolly layer of fur. Its bill is detecting prey and stirring up mud. Platypus' eyes and head are small. It has no ears but has ability to sense sound and light.
Platypus lives in streams, rivers, and lakes. Female platypus usually dig burrows in the streams or river banks. The burrows are blocked with soil to protect it from intruders and flooding. In the other hand, male platypus does not need any burrow to stay.
Platypus has a flat tail and webbed feet. Its body length is 30 to 45cm and covered with a thick, and woolly layer of fur. Its bill is detecting prey and stirring up mud. Platypus' eyes and head are small. It has no ears but has ability to sense sound and light.
Platypus lives in streams, rivers, and lakes. Female platypus usually dig burrows in the streams or river banks. The burrows are blocked with soil to protect it from intruders and flooding. In the other hand, male platypus does not need any burrow to stay.
The camel is a large, strong desert animal. Camels can travel great
distances across hot, dry deserts with little food or water. They walk easily
on soft sand and carry people and heavy hump. The hump is a large lump of fat
providing energy if food is hard to find.There are two chief kinds of camels:
(1) the Arabian camel also loads to places that have no roads. Camels also
serve the people of the desert in many other ways. The camel carries its own
built-in food supply on its back
in the form of a called dromedary, which has one hump, and (2) Bactrian camel,
which has two humps.
An Indonesian endemic, the Red Bird of Paradise is distributed to lowland
rainforests of Waigeo and Batanta islands of West Papua. This species shares its
home with another bird of
paradise, the Wilson's Bird of Paradise. Hybridisation between these two
species are expected but not recorded yet.
The Red Bird of Paradise, Paradisaea rubra is a large, up to 33cm long, brown and yellow bird of paradise with a dark brown iris, grey legs and yellow bill. The male has an emerald green face, a pair of elongated black corkscrew-shaped tail wires, dark green feather pompoms above each eye and a train of glossy crimson red plumes with whitish tips at either side of the breast.
The male measures up to 72 cm long, including the ornamental red plumes that require at least six years to fully attain. The female resembles the male but is smaller in size, with a dark brown face and has no ornamental red plumes. The diet consists mainly of fruits, berries and arthropods.
The Red Bird of Paradise, Paradisaea rubra is a large, up to 33cm long, brown and yellow bird of paradise with a dark brown iris, grey legs and yellow bill. The male has an emerald green face, a pair of elongated black corkscrew-shaped tail wires, dark green feather pompoms above each eye and a train of glossy crimson red plumes with whitish tips at either side of the breast.
The male measures up to 72 cm long, including the ornamental red plumes that require at least six years to fully attain. The female resembles the male but is smaller in size, with a dark brown face and has no ornamental red plumes. The diet consists mainly of fruits, berries and arthropods.
5.DESCRIPTIVE
:
Tujuan Komunikatif Report Text
Hampir sama dengan report
teks yang membedakan adalah jika report menjelaskan seseuatu secara umum,
sedangkan descriptive secara tertentu tanpa harus melakukan pengamatan.
Struktur Teks/Generic structure Report Text
1. General Clasification
Pada bagian general
clasification (klasifikasi umum) berisi pengenalan fenomena/ benda yang akan
dibicarakan dengan menyertakan pernyataan tertentu yang menerangkan subjek
laporan, keterangan, dan klasifikasi-nya.
2. Description
Pada bagian Description
(gambaran) terdiri dari gambaran dari fenomena/ benda yang didiskusikan dari
bagian ke bagiannya, kebiasaan atau tingkah laku untuk benda hidup, ataupun kegunaannya
untuk benda secara detail.
EXAMPLE :
1.African Elephant
Elephant is the world's
largest living land mammals which are best known for their huge size, unique
body parts, social behavior, and longevity.Two African elephant species are recognized:
the larger and more widespread savanna elephant (L. africana), pictured here,
and the forest elephant (L. cyclotis), which is smaller, has downward-pointed
tusks, and smaller, rounder ears. Some genetic evidence suggests there may be a
third species, the west African elephant, intermediate to these two. The
animals' trunks, unique among living mammals, are versatile, enabling elephants
to manipulate tiny objects or tear down huge tree limbs. Wide, padded feet
enable elephants to walk quietly. Large, flappable ears help these huge animals
to cool off, although elephants often must retreat to the shade or water during
the hottest part of the day.Male African elephants of the savanna species grow
up to 25 feet long, stand up to 11 feet tall and weigh up to 14,000 pounds.
Males are usually larger than females.African elephants live in many parts of
sub-Saharan Africa, although their range is now broken into patches. Small
numbers of forest elephants live in dense equatorial forests of Central Africa
from Zaire west to Mauritania, while savanna elephants are far more widespread
in drier woodlands and savannas. Savanna elephants are now most common in
Kenya, Tanzania, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Namibia, and South Africa. The suspected
third species lives in both savanna and forest in west Africa.African elephants
live wherever they can find enough food and water with minimal disturbance from
people. Most of the continent's elephants live on savannas and in dry
woodlands. In some regions, they occur in desert areas; in others, they are
found in mountains. In Congo and other equatorial countries, forest elephants
live in dense tropical rainforest. Females and young males live in cohesive
herds of about ten related adults and their offspring. The matriarch, usually the
oldest and largest female, sets the pace of the group's activities. Males leave
herds at puberty, around their 13th year, and travel alone or in bachelor
groups. Elephants travel widely in search of food. Movements vary depending
upon food availability. African elephants communicate with rumbles, growls,
bellows, and moans. Some of these varied, low-frequency sounds may travel a
mile or more.
2.Taj Mahal
Taj Mahal is regarded as one
of the eight wonders of the world. It was built by Emperor Shah Jahan in the
memory of his dear wife at Agra.Taj Mahal is a Mausoleum that houses the grave
of queen Mumtaz Mahal. The mausoleum is a part of a vast complex comprising of
a main gateway, an elaborate garden, a mosque, a guest house, and several other
palatial buildings. The Taj is at the farthest end of this complex, with the
river Jamuna behind it.The Taj stands on a raised, square platform (186 x 186
feet) with its four corners truncated, forming an unequal octagon. The
architectural design uses the interlocking arabesque concept, in which each
element stands on its own and perfectly integrates with the main structure. It
uses the principles of geometry and a symmetry of architectural elements.Its
central dome is fifty-eight feet in diameter and rises to a height of 213 feet.
It is flanked by four subsidiary domed chambers. The four graceful, slender
minarets are 162.5 feet each. The central domed chamber and four adjoining
chambers include many walls and panels of Islamic decoration.Taj Mahal is built
entirely of white marble. Its stunning architectural beauty is beyond adequate
description, particularly at dawn and sunset. The Taj seems to glow in the
light of the full moon. On a foggy morning, the visitors experience the Taj as
if suspended when viewed from across the Jamuna river.
3.Paris
Paris is the capital city of France. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. It is also one of the world's most crowded cities. Lovely gardens and parks are found throughout Paris. At night, many palaces and statues are lit up. For this reason, Paris is often called the City of Light.Every year, millions of people visit Paris. The most popular place to visit is the Eiffel Tower. This huge structure has become the symbol of Paris. The Louvre, one of the world's largest art museums, draws many visitors. The Cathedral of Notre Dame, a famous church, is another favourite place to visit.
4.Bali
This is the most famous island in Indonesia . Awesome place that holds spectacular combination of natural beauty and cultural landscape that is so alluring . Beauty in harmony with the people warm and friendly . Here the culture continue to be preserved from generation to generation . There are no travelers and then customs and boisterous sound of drums beating of traditional musical instruments performed .As destiansi most popular in Indonesia , Bali has the best resort in the world combined with charming beaches and lively nightlife . Travel and Leisure magazine chose Bali as the World 's Best Island in 2009 , while Lonely Planet 's choose Bali as the second Best of Travel 2010 .Bali is known as the island of gods , thousand temples island , or an island paradise . Outstanding natural beauty , like a volcano that looks close and big , endless green paddy fields which give a sense of peace and tranquility , as well as the grains of sand and the beauty of the sea is amazing . Feel the breeze by you and the clouds in the sky - wine seems to be offering endless natural beauty .In Bali you will find works of art and cultural grandeur . Dent details and symbols as if born from creativity without limits and continue to improve myself . Bali also has a dramatic dances and diverse customary ceremonies , arts and crafts beautiful and quality . Many interesting things this exotic island has to offer , ranging from spiritual life to the culinary and extraordinary experience , from surfing , diving to jungle trekking challenging your courage . You will find beautiful temple built with amazing wherever you menjejakan foot on the island 's magical magnet .
This is the most famous island in Indonesia . Awesome place that holds spectacular combination of natural beauty and cultural landscape that is so alluring . Beauty in harmony with the people warm and friendly . Here the culture continue to be preserved from generation to generation . There are no travelers and then customs and boisterous sound of drums beating of traditional musical instruments performed .As destiansi most popular in Indonesia , Bali has the best resort in the world combined with charming beaches and lively nightlife . Travel and Leisure magazine chose Bali as the World 's Best Island in 2009 , while Lonely Planet 's choose Bali as the second Best of Travel 2010 .Bali is known as the island of gods , thousand temples island , or an island paradise . Outstanding natural beauty , like a volcano that looks close and big , endless green paddy fields which give a sense of peace and tranquility , as well as the grains of sand and the beauty of the sea is amazing . Feel the breeze by you and the clouds in the sky - wine seems to be offering endless natural beauty .In Bali you will find works of art and cultural grandeur . Dent details and symbols as if born from creativity without limits and continue to improve myself . Bali also has a dramatic dances and diverse customary ceremonies , arts and crafts beautiful and quality . Many interesting things this exotic island has to offer , ranging from spiritual life to the culinary and extraordinary experience , from surfing , diving to jungle trekking challenging your courage . You will find beautiful temple built with amazing wherever you menjejakan foot on the island 's magical magnet .
5.Borobudur Temple
Borobudur is Hindu - Budhist
temple. It was build in the nineth century under Sailendra dynasty of ancient
Mataram kingdom. Borobudur is located in Magelang, Central Java,
Indonesia.Borobudur is well-known all over the world. Its construction is
influenced by the Gupta architecture of India. The temple is constructed on a
hill 46 m high and consist of eight step like stone terrace. The first five
terrace are square and surrounded by walls adorned with Budist sculpture in
bas-relief. The upper three are circular. Each of them is with a circle of bell
shape-stupa. The entire upper structure is crowned by a large stupa at the
centre at the centre of the top circle. The way to the summit extends through
some 4.8 km of passage and stairways. The design of borobudur which symbolizes
the structure of universe influences temples at Angkor, Cambodia.Borobudur
temple which is rededicated as an Indonesian monument in 1983 is a valuable
treasure for Indonesian people.
THAT’S ALL ABOUT GENRE [TYPES OF TEXT]...
THANK YOU J
THANK YOU J
Editing By: Melyani Tuti
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